Nutrition and the brain Nutrition and cognitive function in the elderly

There are complex associations between nutrition and dementia disorders. Dementia, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD), is associated with an increased risk of protein–energy malnutrition. Weight loss and eating problems increase with the severity and progression of dementia, e.g. in AD. Whether malnutrition per se has a negative impact on cognitive function or whether nutritional intervention may improve cognitive function in demented people is still not proven. The few studies so far performed show that nutritional therapy leads to improved nutritional status. Data on the effects on cognitive function after nutritional intervention in demented populations are sparse and inconclusive. It cannot be excluded that effects on cognitive function may also be accomplished. Data from epidemiological studies suggest that some nutrients, e.g. fatty acids, may interfere with the development of dementia.